NTP CHEMICAL REPOSITORY (RADIAN CORPORATION, AUGUST 29, 1991)
IDENTIFIERS
CATALOG ID NUMBER: 000006
CAS NUMBER: 56-81-5
BASE CHEMICAL NAME: GLYCEROL
PRIMARY NAME: GLYCEROL
CHEMICAL FORMULA: C3H8O3
STRUCTURAL FORMULA: HOCH2CHOHCH2OH
WLN: Q1YQ1Q
SYNONYMS:
GLYCERIN
GLYCERIN, ANHYDROUS
GLYCERIN, SYNTHETIC
GLYCERINE
GLYCERITOL
GLYCYL ALCOHOL
1,2,3-PROPANETRIOL
SYNTHETIC GLYCERINE
90 TECHNICAL GLYCERINE
TRIHYDROXYPROPANE
1,2,3-TRIHYDROXYPROPANE
PHYSICAL CHEMICAL DATA
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: LITERATURE: Clear colorless viscous liquid
REPOSITORY: Clear oily liquid
MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 92.09
SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.2613 @ 20/4 C [017,047]
DENSITY: 1.261 g/mL @ 20 C [371]
MP (DEG C): 17.8 C [025,031,051,421]
BP (DEG C): 290 C (decomposes) [017,025,205,421]
SOLUBILITIES:
WATER : >=100 mg/mL @ 18 C (RAD)
DMSO : >=100 mg/mL @ 18 C (RAD)
95% ETHANOL : >=100 mg/mL @ 18 C (RAD)
METHANOL : Not available
ACETONE : >=100 mg/mL @ 18 C (RAD)
TOLUENE : Not available
OTHER SOLVENTS:
Ether: Practically insoluble [295,455]
Benzene: Insoluble [031,062,205]
Alcohol: Miscible [031,205,421,455]
Chloroform: Insoluble [031,062,205]
Fixed and volatile oils: Practically insoluble [295]
Ethyl acetate: 1 part/11 parts [031]
Carbon tetrachloride: Insoluble [031]
Carbon disulfide: Insoluble [031,205]
Petroleum ether: Insoluble [031,205]
Hydrocarbon solvents: Slightly soluble [421]
Propylene glycol: Miscible [295]
VOLATILITY:
Vapor pressure: 0.0025 mm Hg @ 50 C [043,051,055]; 40 mm Hg @ 198 C [051]
Vapor density : 3.17 [043,051,055]
FLAMMABILITY(FLASH POINT):
This chemical has a flash point of 160 C (320 F) [043,051,058,371]. It
is combustible. Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry
chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. A water spray may also be used
[051,058,371,451]. The autoignition temperature is 370 C (698 F) [043,051,371,
451].
UEL: Not available LEL: Not available
REACTIVITY:
This compound is incompatible with strong oxidizers [043,058,269,295].
It is also incompatible with hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, nitric
acid + sulfuric acid, perchloric acid + lead oxide, acetic anhydride, aniline
+ nitrobenzene, Ca(OCl)2, CrO3, F2 + PbO, KMnO4, K2O2, AgClO4 and NaH. A
mixture with chlorine explodes if heated to 70-80 C [043]. It reacts with
acetic acid, potassium peroxide, sodium peroxide, hydrochloric acid, (HClO4 +
PbO) and Na2O2 [051]. Contact with potassium chlorate may be explosive [031].
It also reacts with ethylene oxide, perchloric acid, nitric acid + hydrofluoric
acid and phosphorus triiodide [066].
STABILITY:
This compound is hygroscopic [025,275,421,455]. Solutions of this
chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24
hours under normal lab conditions (RAD).
OTHER PHYSICAL DATA:
Steam-volatile [025]
Syrupy, sweet and warm taste [031,043,051,455]
Weight per mL @ 20 C: 1.255 to 1.260 g [455]
Neutral to litmus [031]
Solidifies after prolonged cooling at 0 C forming shiny orthorhombic crystals
[031,421]
Viscosity (centipoise @ 20 C): 83% solution 111 [031]
Saturation concentration: < 0.5 g/cu m @ 30 C [055]
log P oct: -2.66/2.47 [055]
Sinks and mixes with water [371]
Burning rate: 0.9 mm/min [371]
Latent heat of vaporization: 160 cal/g [371]
Heat of combustion: -4310 cal/g [371]
Heat of solution: -5 cal/g [371]
Heat of fusion: 47.95 cal/g [371]
Crystals do not melt until the temperature is raised to ~20 C [295]
UV Maximum (water < 0.1%): lambda 400-340 nm, 320, 280, 225, 210, 205;
A: 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.10, 0.30, 1.0 [275]
Odorless [043,051,062,455]
Refractive index: 1.4746 @ 20 C [017,031,047,205]
Boiling point: 182 C @ 20 mm Hg [017,025,269,275]; 240 C @ 200 mm Hg [031]
Specific gravity: 1.265 @ 15/15 C [025]; 1.26201 @ 25/25 C [031]
TOXICITY
NIOSH REGISTRY NUMBER: MA8050000
TOXICITY:
typ. dose mode specie amount units other
TDLo orl hmn 1428 mg/kg
LD50 orl rat 12600 mg/kg
LD50 ipr rat 4420 mg/kg
LD50 scu rat 100 mg/kg
LD50 ivn rat 5566 mg/kg
LD50 orl mus 4090 mg/kg
LD50 ipr mus 8700 mg/kg
LD50 scu mus 91 mg/kg
LD50 ivn mus 4250 mg/kg
LD50 ivn rbt 53 gm/kg
LD50 orl gpg 7750 mg/kg
AQTX/TLM96: over 1000 ppm
SAX TOXICITY EVALUATION:
THR: Poison by subcutaneous route. Mildly toxic by ingestion. Human systemic
effects by ingestion. Experimental reproductive effects. Human muta-
genic data. A skin and eye irritant. In the form of mist it is a
nuisance particulate and inhalation irritant.
CARCINOGENICITY: Not available
MUTATION DATA:
test lowest dose | test lowest dose
----------- ----------------- | ----------- -----------------
dni-hmn:lym 200 mmol/L | cyt-rat-orl 1 gm/kg
TERATOGENICITY:
Reproductive Effects:
TDLo: orl-rat 100 mg/kg (1D male)
TDLo: itt-rat 280 mg/kg (2D male)
TDLo: itt-rat 1600 mg/kg (1D male)
STANDARDS, REGULATIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS:
OSHA: Federal Register (1/19/89) and 29 CFR 1910.1000 Subpart Z
Transitional Limit: PEL-TWA 15 mg/m3 (total dust) [610]
Transitional Limit: PEL-TWA 5 mg/m3 (respirable fraction) [610]
Final Limit: PEL-TWA 10 mg/m3 (total dust) [610]
Final Limit: PEL-TWA 5 mg/m3 (respirable fraction) [610]
ACGIH: TLV-TWA 10 mg/m3 (for total dust containing no asbestos and less than
1% crystalline silica) [610]
NIOSH Criteria Document: None
NFPA Hazard Rating: Health (H): 1
Flammability (F): 1
Reactivity (R): 0
H1: Materials only slightly hazardous to health (see NFPA for details).
F1: Materials that must be preheated before ignition can occur (see NFPA
for details).
R0: Materials which are normally stable even under fire exposure conditions
and which are not reactive with water (see NFPA for details).
OTHER TOXICITY DATA:
Skin and Eye Irritation Data:
skn-rbt 500 mg/24H MLD
eye-rbt 126 mg MLD
eye-rbt 500 mg/24H MLD
Review: Toxicology Review
Status: EPA TSCA Chemical Inventory, 1986
EPA TSCA Test Submission (TSCATS) Data Base, January 1989
NIOSH Analytical Methods: see Nuisance Dust, Total 0500; Nuisance Dust
Respirable, 0600
Meets criteria for proposed OSHA Medical Records Rule
OTHER DATA (Regulatory)
PROPER SHIPPING NAME (IATA): Not restricted
UN/ID NUMBER:
HAZARD CLASS: SUBSIDIARY RISK: PACKING GROUP:
LABELS REQUIRED:
PACKAGING: PASSENGER: PKG. INSTR.: MAXIMUM QUANTITY:
CARGO : PKG. INSTR.: MAXIMUM QUANTITY:
SPECIAL PROVISIONS:
USES:
This compound is used as a food additive, ingredient of some linctuses and
pastilles, sweetening agent, emollient, with dried magnesium sulphate used in
the treatment of septic wounds and boils, lubricating gastroscopes, preserva-
tive in some pharmaceutical preparations and in certain biological preparations
and in non-alcoholic extracts and tinctures. It is used in plasticizer manu-
facturing, confectionary, dynamite, nitroglycerine, antifreeze, antibiotics,
rollers and lectographs, solvent, cosmetics, humectant, liquid soaps, liqueurs,
blacking, printing and copying inks, elastic glues, lead oxide cements, to keep
fabrics pliable, to preserve printing on cotton, hectographs, to keep frost
from windshields, in shock absorber fluids, in fermentation of nutrients,
demulcent, an oral osmotic diuretic to manage cerebral edema, reduce cerebro-
spinal fluid pressure and lower intraocular pressure, raw material for alkyd
resins, cellophane, ester gums, perfumery, bacteriostat, penetrant, poly-
urethane polyols, emulsifying agent, rubber stamp inks, laxative, reducing
intracranial pressure and promotes peristalsis evacuation of the lower bowel.
In veterinary medicine, it used in the treatment of bovine ketosis, preg-
nancy toxaemia in sheep, pharmaceutical aid (humectant, solvent) emollient and
emulcent.
COMMENTS: Not available
HANDLING PROCEDURES
ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:
This compound may cause eye and skin irritation. It may be readily
absorbed through the skin [269]. It is an irritant of the mucous membranes
[058,151]. It is also a respiratory tract irritant [346]. When heated to
decomposition it may emit acrid smoke [043]. It may also emit toxic fumes of
carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide [269].
MINIMUM PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Not available
RECOMMENDED GLOVE MATERIALS:
GlovES+ Expert System Glove Types For The Neat (Undiluted) Chemical:
This chemical has not been tested for permeation by Radian Corporation;
however, the GlovES+ expert system was used to extrapolate permeation test
information from compounds in the same chemical class. The GlovES+ system uses
permeation data from literature sources; therefore, extra safety margins should
be used with the estimated protection time(s). If this chemical makes direct
contact with your glove, or if a tear, puncture or hole develops, replace them
at once.
The GlovES+ expert system is a tool that can help people better manage
protection from chemicals, however this tool cannot replace sound judgment nor
make technical decisions. Our GlovES+ expert system is designed to offer
initial advice and assistance in glove selection while the final glove
selection should be made by knowledgeable individuals based on the specific
circumstances involved.
Glove Type Model Number Thickness Estimated Protection Time
Unknown LRC Marigold Regent 0.03 mm 480 min
Mediglove
Natural LRC Marigold Sensotech 0.28 mm 480 min
Nitrile LRC Marigold Green 0.30 mm 480 min
Supasolve
Natural + Neoprene Platex Argus 0.91 mm 480 min
RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR:
Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-
approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas
cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a
dust/mist filter.
OTHER: Not available
STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:
You should store this chemical under refrigerated temperatures,
and protect it from moisture. If possible, it would be prudent to
store this compound under inert atmosphere.
SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:
If you should spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up
all liquid spill material. Seal the absorbent paper, as well as any
of your clothing which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic
bag for eventual disposal. Wash any surfaces you may have contaminated
with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated
area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified
that the area has been properly cleaned.
DISPOSAL AND WASTE TREATMENT: Not available
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
SKIN CONTACT:
IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating
all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly
with soap and water.
If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a
physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.
INHALATION:
IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.
If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in
the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to
transport the victim to a hospital.
Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown
atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or
equal to that advised under Respirator Recommendation.
EYE CONTACT:
First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush
victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while
simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.
Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without
specific instructions from a physician.
IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if
no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
INGESTION:
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing,
give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a
hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a
hospital if advised by a physician.
If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth,
ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with
the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport
the victim to a hospital.
SYMPTOMS:
Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include headache, nausea, vomit-
ing and irritation of the skin and eyes [043,269]. Contact with the eyes may
cause a strong stinging, burning sensation, with tearing and dilation of the
conjunctival vessels. Taken orally it reduces ocular pressure [099]. It may
cause dehydration and irritation of the skin and mucous membranes, hemolysis,
hemoglobinuria, renal failure, convulsions, paralysis, hyperglycemia, glyco-
suria, acidosis, death from nonketotic hyperosmolar hyperglycemia, gluconeo-
genic, antiketogenic, osmodiuretic, dizziness, insomnia, diarrhea and fever
[151]. It may be irritating to the respiratory tract [346]. It may also cause
rectal discomfort or burning [158]. Other symptoms may include thirst,
euphoria, confusion, drowsiness, loss of consciousness, coma, temporary hearing
loss, reduced intracranial pressure, allergic reaction, oxalosis, diabetic
acidosis and prostration [295].
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